Social tensions are certain to increase with California's passage of Proposition 187, the ballot initiative that would deny social services and education to undocumented immigrants and that turned out to be a general referendum on illegal immigration, says a UC Davis law scholar. "Between immigrants and non-immigrants, Latino and non-Latino, legal and illegal immigrants," tensions will escalate, says Kevin Johnson, who specializes in asylum and immigration law. Passage of the measure also means that once again, California is a leader in anti-immigration sentiment, a situation not unlike that of the late 1800s when, during tough economic times, Californians passed the Chinese Exclusion Acts, which persisted through World War II, Johnson says. "This is not as draconian, but it is once more a search for a scapegoat that can't fight back during bad economic times." And, as with other California ballot propositions, Johnson foresees other such "Prop. 187s" cropping up on ballots in Florida and Texas.